What is spondylolisthesis?

Spondylolisthesis is a painful condition occurring when a vertebra in the lower back slips forward onto a bone below it. It is often caused by degenerative disease, such as arthritis. Symptoms may include lower back pain, localized tenderness over the spine immediately above the pelvis, pain in thighs and buttocks, tight hamstrings, lordosis, or stiffness in back. Spondylolisthesis is diagnosed with the help of X-rays and a straight leg raise test.

How is Spondylolisthesis treated?

Treatment options for spondylolisthesis vary depending on severity. They may include strengthening and stretching exercises, rigid braces, or surgery.

Adapted from MedlinePlus at http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001260.htm